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Wishful Identification
According to Feilitzen and Linne (1975),〔Feilitzen, C., & Linne, O. (1975). Identifying with television characters. Journal of Communication, 25, 51–55.〕 wishful identification is the extension of identification, which refers to people’s desire to become or to act in the same way as a certain media character. The majority of research about wishful identification has focused on its impacts on media users’ intimate relationship with, attachment to, identification with, imitation of or interaction with media figures. From this perspective, investigations on effects of wishful identification are helpful to understand how mediated messages can be effectively conveyed, how mediated behaviors and figures can be shaped to positively influence social attitudes and behaviors.
Participants in relevant research primarily consist of children and adolescents because they do not have enough life and social experience (Bandura, 1977; Hoffner, 1996 〔Hoffner, C. (1996). Children’s wishful identification and parasocial interaction with favorite television characters. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 40, 389–402.〕). In other words, they have higher needs than adults for role models to develop and adjust their social behaviors. As is mentioned by Comstock (1993),〔Comstock, G. (1993). The medium and the society: The role of television in American life. In G. L. Berry, & J. K. Asamen (Eds.), children and television: Images in a changing sociocultural world (pp. 117-131). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.〕 “television is a catalogue of modes of behavior; whether they affect what viewers do depends on their being taken as rewarding, acceptable, and applicable” (p. 128).
==Wishful Identification & Identification==
There has been some inconsistency in definition of identification. Some researchers define identification as hoping to be a certain media figure, to be in a certain mediated situation of that media figure, or to act a similar way to that media figure. However, this definition is not applied as widely as the one introduced by Cohen (2001):〔Cohen, J. (2001). Defining identification: A theoretical look at identification of audiences with media characters. Mass Communication & Society, 4, 245-264.〕 “a mechanism through which audience members experience reception and interpretation of the text from the inside, as if the events were happening to them.” While identification is characterized as sharing media figures’ points of view, vicarious participation, and imaginability, wishful identification focuses on media users’ desire and tendency.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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